Monday, August 1, 2016

Exam 70-511 TS: Windows Applications Development with Microsoft .NET Framework 4

Published: July 2, 2010
Languages: English
Audiences: Developers
Technology: Microsoft Visual Studio 2010
Credit toward certification: MCTS

Skills measured
This exam measures your ability to accomplish the technical tasks listed below. The percentages indicate the relative weight of each major topic area on the exam. The higher the percentage, the more questions you are likely to see on that content area on the exam. View video tutorials about the variety of question types on Microsoft exams.

Please note that the questions may test on, but will not be limited to, the topics described in the bulleted text.

Do you have feedback about the relevance of the skills measured on this exam? Please send Microsoft your comments. All feedback will be reviewed and incorporated as appropriate while still maintaining the validity and reliability of the certification process. Note that Microsoft will not respond directly to your feedback. We appreciate your input in ensuring the quality of the Microsoft Certification program.

If you have concerns about specific questions on this exam, please submit an exam challenge.

If you have other questions or feedback about Microsoft Certification exams or about the certification program, registration, or promotions, please contact your Regional Service Center.

Building a user interface by using basic techniques (23%)
Choose the most appropriate control class
Evaluating design requirements and then selecting the most appropriate control based on those requirements; recognizing when none of the standard controls meet requirements; item controls, menu controls, content controls
This objective does not include: designing a custom control
Implement screen layout by using nested control hierarchies
Using panel-derived controls, attaching properties
This objective does not include: items controls, control customization
Create and apply styles and theming
Application-level styles, overriding styles, style inheritance, Generic.xaml, theming attributes
This objective does not include: data-grid view style sharing
Manage reusable resources
Fonts, styles, data sources, images, resource dictionaries, resource-only DLLs
Implement an animation in WPF
Creating a storyboard; controlling timelines; controlling the behavior when the animation completes; double, color, and point animations; starting an animation from code and from XAML
This objective does not include: direct rendering updates, implementing key frame animations

Preparation resources
Styling and templating
Layout system
Animation tips and tricks

Enhancing a user interface by using advanced techniques (21%)
Manage routed events in WPF
Tunneling vs. bubbling events, handling and cancelling events
This objective does not include: simple event handling; creating custom events
Configure WPF commanding
Defining WPF commands based on RoutedCommand; associating commands to controls; handling commands; command bindings; input gestures
This objective does not include: creating custom commands by implementing ICommand
Modify the visual interface at run time
Adding/removing controls at run time; manipulating the visual tree; control life cycle; generating a template dynamically
This objective does not include: instantiating forms and simple modification of control properties at runtime
Implement user-defined controls
Deciding whether to use a user/composite, extended, or custom control; creating a user/composite control; extending from an existing control
This objective does not include: creating a custom control by inheriting directly from the control class and writing code
Create and display graphics
Creating and displaying graphics by using geometric transformation; brushes; drawing shapes; clipping; double buffering; overriding render (WPF) and OnPaint (WinForms); differentiating between retained and non-retained graphics
This objective does not include: creating and displaying three-dimensional graphics; hit testing; creating images
Add multimedia content to an application in WPF
Media player vs. media element; adding a sound player; images
This objective does not include: buffering
Create and apply control templates in WPF
Template binding
This objective does not include: styling and theming; data templating
Create data, event, and property triggers in WPF

Preparation resources
Input and commands how-to topics
Control styles and templates

Managing data at the user interface layer (23%)
Implement data binding
Binding options, static and dynamic resources, element bindings, setting the correct binding mode and update mode; binding to nullable values
This objective does not include: binding to a specific data source
Implement value converters in WPF
Implementing custom value converters, implementing multivalue converters
Implement data validation
Handling validation and providing user feedback via the error provider (WinForms) or data templates (WPF), IDataErrorInfo, validation control, form validation and control validation
Implement and consume change notification interfaces
Implementing INotifyPropertyChanged; using INotifyCollectionChanged (ObservableCollection)
Prepare collections of data for display
Filtering, sorting, and grouping data; LINQ; CollectionView (WPF), BindingSource object (WinForms)
Bind to hierarchical data
TreeView; MenuControl
Implement data-bound controls
Using the DataGridView (WinForms) or DataGrid (WPF) control to display and update the data contained in a data source, implementing complex data binding to integrate data from multiple sources; ItemsControl-derived controls (WPF)
Create a data template in WPF
Implementing a data template selector; using templates with ItemsControl

Preparation resources
Data binding (WPF)
DataGrid

Enhancing the functionality and usability of a solution (17%)
Integrate WinForms and WPF within an application
Using ElementHosts within WinForms and ControlHosts within WPF; using the PropertyMap property
Implement asynchronous processes and threading
Implementing asynchronous programming patterns; marshalling between threads; freezing UI elements; using timers; task parallel library; parallel LINQ; using the dispatcher; BackgroundWorker component
Incorporate globalization and localization features
Loading resources by locale; marking localizable elements; using culture settings in validators and converters; using language properties and rendering direction properties; working with resource files for localization; determining installed locales; regional settings
Implement drag and drop operations within and across applications
This objective does not include: Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)
Implement security features of an application
Configuring Software Restriction Policy (SRP); full trust and partially trusted security; interoperability with legacy CAS policy; User Account Control (UAC)
Manage user and application settings
Creating application settings; creating user settings; loading and saving settings
This objective does not include: persisting to database
Implement dependency properties
Enabling data binding and animation, property metadata, property change callbacks

Preparation resources
WPF and Windows Forms interoperation
How to: Perform drag-and-drop operations between applications
Dependency properties overview

Stabilizing and releasing a solution (16%)
Implement a WPF test strategy
Automation peer, UI automation, IntelliTrace
Debug XAML by using the WPF visualizer
Accessing the visualizer, drilling down into the visual tree, viewing and changing properties
This objective does not include: setting a breakpoint and stepping through code
Debug WPF issues by using PresentationTraceSources
Animation, data binding, dependency properties
Configure a ClickOnce deployment
Configuring the installation of a WinForms, WPF, or XBAP application by using ClickOnce technology; choosing appropriate settings to manage upgrades
Create and configure a Windows installer project
Configuring a setup project to add icons during setup, setting deployment project properties, configuring conditional installation based on operating system versions, setting appropriate launch conditions based on the .NET framework version, adding custom actions to a setup project, adding error-handling code to a setup project
Configure deployment security settings
Configuring and integrating UAC by using ClickOnce deployments; setting appropriate security permissions to deploy the application

Preparation resources
Debugging WPF – WPF Tree Visualizer and helper class
PresentationTraceSources class
How to: Use ClickOnce to deploy applications that can run on multiple versions of the .NET Framework

QUESTION 1
You use Microsoft .NET Framework 4 to create a Windows Forms application.
You add a new class named Customer to the application. You select the Customer class to create a new object data source.
You add the following components to a Windows Form:
? A BindingSource component named customerBindingSource that is data-bound to the Customer object data source.
? A set of TextBox controls to display and edit the Customer object properties. Each TextBox control is data-bound to a property of the customerBindingSource component.
? An ErrorProvider component named errorProvider that validates the input values for each TextBox control.
You need to ensure that the input data for each TextBox control is automatically validated by using the ErrorProvider component.
Which two actions should you perform? (Each correct answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)

A. Implement the validation rules inside the Validating event handler of each TextBox control by throwing an exception when the value is invalid.
B. Implement the validation rules inside the TextChanged event handler of each TextBox control by throwing an exception when the value is invalid.
C. Implement the validation rules inside the setter of each property of the Customer class by throwing an exception when the value is invalid.
D. Add the following code segment to the InitializeComponent method of the Windows Form.
this.errorProvider.DataSource = this.customerBindingSource;
E. Add the following code segment to the InitializeComponent method of the Windows Form.
this.errorProvider.DataSource = this.customerBindingSource.DataSource; this. errorProvider. DataMember = this. customerBindingSource. DataMember;

Answer: C,D


QUESTION 2
You use Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft .NET Framework 4 to create a Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) application.
The application contains a ListBox control named IbxItems that is data-bound to a collection of objects. Each object has a DisplayValue property.
You add a Button control to the application.
You need to ensure that the Content property of the Button control is data-bound to the DisplayValue property of the selected item of IbxItems.
Which binding expression should you use?

A. {Binding ElementName= IbxItems, Source=SelectedItem, Path=DisplayValue}
B. {Binding Source=lbxItems, ElementName=SelectedItem, Path=DisplayValue}
C. {Binding ElementName=lbxItems, Path=SelectedItem.DisplayValue}
D. {Binding Source=lbxItems, Path=SelectedItem.DisplayValue}

Answer: C


QUESTION 3
You use Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft .NET Framework 4 to create a Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) application.
You write the following code fragment.
< TextBox Text="{Binding Path=StringMember} " / >
You need to ensure that the StringMember property of the data-bound object is updated immediately when the user types in the TextBox control.
Which binding expression should you use?

A. { Binding Path=StringMember, Mode=TwoWay }
B. { Binding Path=StringMember, NotifyOnSourceUpdated=True }
C. { Binding Path-StringMember, NotifyOnTargetUpdated=True }
D. { Binding Path=StringMember, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged }

Answer: D


QUESTION 4
You use Microsoft .NET Framework 4 to create a Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) application.
You add a ListBox control to the application. The ListBox control is data-bound to an instance of a custom collection class of the Product objects named ProductList.
The number of items of the data-bound collection is fixed. However, users can modify the properties of each of the Product objects in the collection.
You need to ensure that changes made on the Product objects are automatically reflected in the ListBox control.
What should you do?

A. Implement the INotifyPropertyChanged interface in the Product class.
B. Implement the INotifyCollectionChanged interface in the ProductList class.
C. Set the Mode property of the Binding object of the ListBox control to TwoWay.
D. Set the UpdateSourceTrigger property of the Binding object of the ListBox control to PropertyChanged.

Answer: A

Wednesday, July 27, 2016

Exam 70-498 Delivering Continuous Value with Visual Studio Application Lifecycle Management

Published: June 8, 2014
Languages: English, Chinese (Simplified), French, German, Japanese, Portuguese (Brazil)
Audiences: IT professionals
Technology: Visual Studio 2015
Credit toward certification: MCP, MCSD

Skills measured
This exam measures your ability to accomplish the technical tasks listed below. The percentages indicate the relative weight of each major topic area on the exam. The higher the percentage, the more questions you are likely to see on that content area on the exam. View video tutorials about the variety of question types on Microsoft exams.

Please note that the questions may test on, but will not be limited to, the topics described in the bulleted text.

Do you have feedback about the relevance of the skills measured on this exam? Please send Microsoft your comments. All feedback will be reviewed and incorporated as appropriate while still maintaining the validity and reliability of the certification process. Note that Microsoft will not respond directly to your feedback. We appreciate your input in ensuring the quality of the Microsoft Certification program.

If you have concerns about specific questions on this exam, please submit an exam challenge.

If you have other questions or feedback about Microsoft Certification exams or about the certification program, registration, or promotions, please contact your Regional Service Center.

Define an effective end-to-end Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) (15-20%)
Understand the value of an end-to-end view of Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) tools and practices
Understand that an observable problem may be indicative of a more general process issue; explain the difference between optimizing a piece of the ALM process, such as manual testing, and optimizing the entire ALM process
Explain the benefits of fast feedback
Explain the importance of fast feedback related to communicating requirements, explain the benefits of end customer feedback to early software iterations
Implement strategies to reduce end-to-end cycle time
Identify bottlenecks in the delivery process, identify metrics that highlight bottlenecks, create potential solutions whose effectiveness can be validated, understand the relationship between work in process (WIP) and cycle time
Implement strategies to improve software quality
Identify process steps that introduce defects, understand the end-to-end quality process, bring quality efforts early in the development cycle
Implement strategies to reduce waste
Identify wasteful activities, create strategies to eliminate waste, measure the effectiveness of waste removal activities
Create a process improvement plan
Create strategies for implementing organizational change, identify key metrics to be tracked during the improvement effort, create consensus for the change

Preparation resources
Agile software development with Microsoft Visual Studio ALM
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (02) Define an effective end-to-end software development lifecycle
Adopting Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server for Application Lifecycle Management

Define the ALM process (15-20%)
Role of different ALM processes
Understand the cost and benefits of the key ALM processes, including agile, scrum, waterfall, and Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)
Implement a scrum/agile process
Establish self-organizing teams; holding a scrum/agile planning meeting, hold daily scrums/stand-up meetings, hold retrospective meetings, hold scrum review meetings
Define a scrum/agile process for a team
Establish criteria on when to cancel a sprint/iteration, establish tooling and process for scrum/agile artifacts, establish the scrum definition of "done," determine sprint/iteration length, determine how to handle backlog items/user stories not completed in a sprint/iteration, determine how to monitor sprint/iteration progress, use collaborative tools
Implement Microsoft Solution Framework (MSF) for CMMI process improvement
Establish project drivers (scope-driven, date-driven), assign product requirements to iterations, manage changes, manage issues

Preparation resources
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (03) Define the ALM process
MSF for Agile Software Development v5.0

Define a software iteration (15-20%)
Plan a release
Identify a flexibility matrix, identify releases based on priority items in flexibility matrix and release criteria, resource planning (scrum team is responsible for allocating team members), identify techniques to optimize a team that is geographically distributed, select a project methodology, risk management
Define a project-tracking process
Plan and manage a portfolio of multiple projects, identify a project tracking tool and an associated process (triage process, bug management), define how to manage effort, determine team forecast management, define a prioritization scheme, determine how to validate project health
Scope a project
Scope the effort for a release, define an architecture design process, define scope boundaries (is/is not list), determine the definition of “done,” define a process when effort estimates are significantly inaccurate

Preparation resources
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (04) Define a software iteration
Planning an iteration (CMMI)
Reports (SQL Server Reporting Services)

Define end value for the software iteration (15-20%)
Elicit requirements
Define project requirements, review and clarify requirements, define acceptance criteria, define UI platform requirements (web, mobile), assign a business value
Estimate requirements
Manage and assign effort estimates (assign story points); resize user requirements into smaller, manageable pieces; execute task breakdown; estimate the requirements baseline
Document requirements
Define acceptance criteria, list requirements, add requirement details, design UI storyboards
Prioritize requirements
Identify requirements that are critical path, identify must-have requirements, enable the entire team (including customers) to participate in requirements prioritization, identify dependencies

Preparation resources
Managing requirements and user expectations in agile projects
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (05) Define end value for the software iteration
Develop requirements

Develop customer value with high quality (15-20%)
Define code quality indicators
Perform code review, including security and performance analysis; analyze code for common defects; calculate code coverage; perform architecture validation
Incorporate unit testing
Establish unit test standards, develop a strategy for adding unit tests to existing applications, select the unit test type, establish the code coverage target, use shims and stubs to isolate your application
Develop code
Develop maintainable code; define coding standards; define application architecture; define configuration management process and tooling, including source control tree, branching strategy, solution structure, source control/check-in policy; manage multiple repositories using Git; use architecture, model, and design tools; use quality and diagnostic tools
Validate quality
Organize test artifacts, such as test cases, suites, plans, and requirements; define test strategy; manage test execution; perform cloud-based load testing; identify test types and associated tools; identify and configure environments; analyze test runs
Customize a team project
Customize a work item, customize work item queries, customize Team Portal, identify areas and iterations, manage roles and associated permissions

Preparation resources
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (06) Develop customer value with high quality
Verifying code by using unit tests
Customize team projects and processes

Integrate development and operations (15-20%)
Implement an automated deployment process
Architect an automated build and deploy workflow, integrate automated tests, automate deployment into both test and production environments, review diagnostic logs for builds, manage releases including Release Management
Implement pre-production environments
Automate the creation of virtual test lab environments, automate deployment into virtual test environments
Manage feedback between development and operations
Implement tools to simplify communication; identify, measure, and report key analytics and performance indicators, such as cycle time and mean time to repair (MTTR); create appropriate shared artifacts and process to facilitate communication; standardize required artifacts for defect reports; create strategies for test case reuse (both automated and manual) in production; monitor an application in production to optimize usage and performance
Troubleshoot production issues
Gather defect data from bugs in a production setting, provide actionable data to the development team, monitor applications running in production for potential issues, manage incident response times collaboratively between development and operations, use Application Insights appropriately

Preparation resources
Applying ALM with Visual Studio 2012: (07) Integrate development and operations
Setting up test machines to run tests or collect data
DevOps: Integrating development and operations for the last mile velocity



QUESTION 1
You are utilizing the Microsoft Visual Studio Scrum 2.0 process template.
Your development team uses the storyboard feature in Visual Studio 2012.
You need to ensure that there is consistency of user interface between different features of the product.
What should you do?

A. Create a design guide document with images of sample standard layouts. Provide a copy of this document to all team members.
B. Create custom storyboard shapes by using Microsoft PowerPoint that match your corporate standard user interface (UI) controls. Export these and make them available to the team as an import for use in all storyboards.
C. Create custom storyboard shapes in PowerPoint that match your corporate standard UI controls. Save the results as a PowerPoint template in the SharePoint site associated with the Team project collection. Instruct team members to import the shapes.
D. Create images of your UI controls as GIF/JPEG files that match your corporate standard UI controls. Export these and make them available to the team as an import for use in all storyboards.

Answer: B


QUESTION 2
You manage a software development project that includes multiple feature teams. The teams integrate their code into a shared code repository as frequently as possible.
You plan to configure a build definition by using the default build process template (DefaultTemplate.xaml).
You need to know when a check-in from a feature team has broken the build or caused a test to fail, without impacting the feature team.
What should you do?

A. Set the Analyze Test Impact parameter to True in the build process template.
B. Set the build trigger to Continuous Integration and enable automated testing.
C. Add the Builds check-in policy to your team project.
D. Create a shelveset command for pending changes. Queue a build using the latest source with the shelveset parameter.

Answer: B

QUESTION 3
You are a scrum master.
You need to lead the daily scrum meeting.
Which three questions should you ask? (Each correct answer presents part of the solution. Choose three.)

A. What will be done before the next meeting?
B. What went well?
C. What has been accomplished since the last meeting?
D. Are there any potential improvements?
E. What obstacles are in the way?
F. Is the burndown up to date?

Answer: A,C,E


QUESTION 4
You manage a project that has three teams working in parallel on a single codebase using a Scrum process methodology.
You need to ensure that each team can manage work separately while editing a shared code base.
What should you do?

A. Within a single team project, create separate iteration paths for each team. Assign each team member to their respective iteration path.
B. Create a team project for each team, assigning different team members to each team project.
C. Within a single team project, create three teams. Assign each team member to their respective teams.
D. Create a team project for each team, assigning all team members to each team project.

Answer: C


QUESTION 5
Your development team is using the Microsoft Solution Framework (MSF) for Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) Process Improvement 6.0 process template.
The team has identified all of the acceptance criteria for a new application. This data currently resides in a series of spreadsheets.
You need to enter the criteria into TFS for team traceability and tracking.
Which two actions should you perform? (Each correct answer presents part of the solution. Choose two.)

A. Create test case work items for each criterion in the spreadsheet. Link the test case work items with the work item(s) for the appropriate requirements.
B. Create Requirement work items.
C. Create a new task work item for each criterion in the spreadsheet. Set the Triage attribute for each task work item to Information Received.
D. Create a new quality of service test case work item for each criterion in the spreadsheet. Link the quality of service test case work items with the work item(s) for the appropriate requirements.

Answer: A,B

Tuesday, October 20, 2015

77-881 Word 2010


QUESTION 1
Your work at ABC.com includes the preparation of company documents using Microsoft Office
Word 2010.
You are in the process of typing a 50 page document. You want to use different headers and
footers throughout the document.
How can you insert a header on pages 10 to 20 without the header appearing on the other pages
in the document?

A. You should make use of the Section Break function on the Page Layout tab before inserting the
header.
B. You should select pages 10 to 20 and using the Insert Header function on the Insert tab.
C. You should make use of the Insert Header function on the Insert tab from any page in the
document then specifying the page numbers in the header properties.
D. You should make use of the Page margin function on the Page Layout tab before inserting the
header.

Answer: A

Explanation:


QUESTION 2
You work in the office at ABC.com. You are using Microsoft Office Word 2010 to prepare a
document.
You have added a picture to your document. You want to change the Color Saturation of the
picture to 0%.
How would you change the Color Saturation of the picture in the document?

A. You should make use of the Corrections function on the Format tab.
B. You should make use of the Themes function on the Page Layout tab.
C. You should make use of the Font Effects function on the Format tab.
D. You should make use of the Color function on the Format tab.

Answer: D

Explanation:


QUESTION 3
Your work at ABC.com includes the preparation of company documents using Microsoft Office
Word 2010.
You are writing some documentation for a company product. You need to add a note that refers to
a piece of text within the document.
Which function of Word 2010 should you use?

A. You should make use of the Text Box function on the Insert tab.
B. You should make use of the Cross-reference function on the References tab.
C. You should make use of the Footnote function on the References tab.
D. You should make use of the Footer function on the Insert tab.

Answer: C

Explanation:


QUESTION 4
You work at ABC.com. You are using Microsoft Office Word 2010 to review a document written by
your manager. While reviewing the document, you notice a section that you think should be
changed. You want to insert a comment to recommend the change.
On which tab would you find the New Comment option?

A. Insert.
B. Page Layout.
C. References.
D. Review.
E. View.

Answer: D

Explanation:


QUESTION 5
You work in the office at ABC.com. You use Microsoft Office Word 2010 to create and edit
company documents.
Different text formats, fonts and text sizes are used throughout the document. You need to simplify
the task of applying formats to different sections throughout the document.
What is the easiest way to apply several formats to sections of text in the document?

A. You should consider creating a theme using the Themes function on the Page Layout tab.
B. You should consider selecting the text and using the formatting tools in the Font group on the
Home tab.
C. You should consider creating a Quick Style using the Styles function on the Home tab.
D. You should consider making use of the WordArt function on the Insert tab.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Wednesday, September 19, 2012

Microsoft Urges Users to Patch Internet Explorer Flaw

The company says a vulnerability in its Web browser could allow hackers to take control of a PC. The patch will give Microsoft time to develop a more complete repair.

Microsoft is urging users of its Internet Explorer Web browser to download a temporary patch to prevent hackers from possibly taking control of their PCs.

The company posted a security advisory late in the day Sept. 17 advising users to download the Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) if their browser is Internet Explorer versions 6 through 9. IE 10, which will be included in the coming Windows 8 operating system, is not affected. Microsoft provides step-by-step instructions on how to download the tool and deploy it.

However, a Reuters news report quotes some computer security experts as saying that the patch might be too difficult for the average computer user to configure and that an easier alternative is to simply download another browser such as Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox or Opera Software’s Opera browser.

A researcher in Luxembourg discovered the flaw Sept. 14 when his PC was infected by a piece of malicious software known as “Poison Ivy” that hackers use to steal data or take remote control of PCs, Reuters reported.

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The threat is described as a “zero-day vulnerability,” which is computer-speak for a vulnerability that was previously unknown. If a user with a vulnerable browser visits a Website and clicks on a link, malicious code could be downloaded onto their computer.

“We have received reports of only a small number of targeted attacks and are working to develop a security update to address this issue,” read a blog post by Yunsun Wee, director of Microsoft’s Trustworthy Computing Group. Wee described the EMET as a “workaround” that will protect a user’s computer until a more permanent fix is developed.

Besides deploying EMET, Microsoft also advises users to set Internet and local intranet security zone settings to "High" to block ActiveX Controls and Active Scripting in these zones. These settings can be found in the control panel of the Windows XP, Vista or 7 operating systems. However, it notes that while taking that step will help prevent exploitation, it may affect usability. Microsoft, therefore, says that trusted sites should be added to the Internet Explorer Trusted Sites zone to minimize disruption.

The most recent Microsoft Patch Tuesday, the once-a-month announcement of the latest security updates, was Sept. 11.

Internet Explorer is the most used Web browser with a 53.9 percent share of the market globally, according to NetApplications.com.

Microsoft took the opportunity to remind consumers of the steps they should always take when accessing the Internet on their computers: enable a firewall, apply all software updates and install antivirus and anti-spyware software.

Thursday, September 6, 2012

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Monday, August 27, 2012

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Saturday, August 11, 2012

Top 5 cities for big data jobs

San Francisco tops Modis list, followed by McLean, Va., Boston, St. Louis and Toronto

Corporate data stores are growing exponentially, nearly every tech vendor is positioning their products to help handle the influx of data, and IT departments are scrambling to find the right people to collect, analyze and interpret data in a way that's meaningful to the business. On the employment front, the big data deluge is creating a hiring boom across North America. Modis, an IT staffing firm, identified five cities in particular where big data is driving job growth.

San Francisco tops the Modis list, followed by McLean, Va., Boston, St. Louis and Toronto. The roles that companies in these cities are fighting to fill include data scientist, data analyst, business intelligence professional and data modeling/data modeler.

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Business intelligence and data analysis have been core enterprise disciplines for a long time, but they're becoming more important to businesses as data volumes rise, says Laura Kelley, a Modis vice president in Houston. "We're in a new era in terms of how large the databases are, the amount of data we're collecting, and how we're using it. It's much more strategic than it's ever been."

Big data professionals can be particularly difficult to find since many roles require a complicated blend of business, analytic, statistical and computer skills -- which is not something a candidate acquires overnight. In addition, "clients are looking for people with a certain level of experience, who have worked in a big data environment. There aren't a lot of them in the market," Kelley says.

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Looking at recruiting trends across its offices, Modis finds there's not one industry that's doing the most big-data hiring. Rather, the cities have in common a concentration of large enterprises across myriad industries.

San Francisco, for instance, is home to large companies in the retail, insurance, healthcare, and e-commerce sectors.

McLean, Va., has both a strong commercial sector and government presence. "There are many data center operations in this area, both commercial and government related, that require talent to support the high volume of that data," Modis explains in its report. "In addition, there is no larger consumer of IT products and services in the world than the US federal government."

Banking and bio/pharmaceutical industries helped put Boston on the big data hiring map. "Both industries deal with large amounts of data that are detailed and complex in nature. That data then needs to be analyzed and placed in reports, dashboards and spreadsheets by data scientist and analysts," Modis writes.

In St. Louis, universities and healthcare companies lead the big data hiring boom, followed by pharmaceutical and bioresearch firms that need to fill data analyst and scientist roles.

Lastly, in Toronto, financial institutions are fueling a need for business intelligence pros who can help organizations get a more precise and complete picture of the business and customers, Modis finds.

In the big picture, companies often have to compromise and prioritize their wish list -- technical expertise, industry experience or quantitative statistical analysis skills, for experience -- to find available big-data candidates.

"What is this person going to be doing? Do you need the technical skills? Or is the quantitative/statistical expertise more important? Is this person going to be doing data modeling or making business decisions?" Kelley says. "In an ideal world, companies want all of it. But it's not an ideal world."

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